Want China Times, Xinhua 2014-04-21
Twenty years after the world's most populous country gained access to the internet, China has been fundamentally and irreversibly changed, but not in the way some observers in the West had expected.
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| People log on to the internet with smartphones at a store in Taiyuan, Shanxi province. (Photo/CNS) |
Twenty years after the world's most populous country gained access to the internet, China has been fundamentally and irreversibly changed, but not in the way some observers in the West had expected.
Instead of
bringing collapse, the internet in China is becoming more commercially robust
and innovative despite the unique Chinese way of management.
As the
internet reshapes China, the country is also changing the online landscape
through its rising internet firms, brand-new products and the world's largest
web population of 618 million.
CHINA
REMOLDED
On April
20, 1994, a pilot network to serve education and scientific research was linked
to the internet via a special line in Beijing's Zhongguancun, now China's
technology hub, marking the country's first fully functional internet access.
At the
time, the only way for most Chinese to learn of South Africa's newly elected
black president and the construction of China's massive Three Gorges hydraulic
project was by reading the next day's state-run newspaper.
Recalling
his first days online, Liu Ren, a Beijing-based journalist, said few Chinese
were in cyberspace in the late 1990s.
"I
would be overjoyed to receive an email, even if it was a spam mail at that
time," said the reporter renowned for his keen observation of China's IT
industry. "But today, the internet has been changing everyone's lives,
sometimes even against their will."
Meanwhile,
cab drivers are now consulting their children to learn how to use taxi apps for
additional tips from potential customers.
"Never
did I think that one day my work would have anything to do with the
internet," said Lao Liu, a 54-year-old taxi driver in central China's
Wuhan city. "The apps bring me an additional income of 50 yuan (US$8)
every day."
Mobile
Internet is changing the entrenched habits of Chinese people like Lao Liu,
including how they read, buy things, and manage money.
Yu'ebao, a
popular online wealth management product, has raised around 500 billion yuan
(US$80.2 billion) in less than a year, helping boost the funds available for
China's real economy, instead of raising financing costs.
In March,
Beijing vowed to promote the healthy development of the burgeoning internet
finance, giving products like Yu'ebao promising prospects.
The growing
population of internet users has also made online opinions too important to be
ignored by officials.
The
transformative power of the internet has challenged top-down communication
patterns in China by supporting multi-level and multi-directional flows of
communication, changing the country's political landscape.
Several
Chinese officials have been probed after online whistleblowers accused them of
corruption, the latest being Song Lin, chairman of state corporation China
Resources (Holdings).
The
country's internet has become an accessible yet decentralized platform for the
public to discuss public affairs and breaking events, said Wang Sixin,
professor of law with the Communication University of China in Beijing.
INNOVATION
The rising
prominence of China is one of the most important developments shaping the
internet.
Behind the
internet boom is Beijing's unique way of management. China has long been
dedicated to developing the internet, but it has also underscored the rule of
law to ensure internet security, which President Xi Jinping said is a concern
for the country's security and development.
Xi became
head of China's central internet security and informatization leading group in
February, revealing the country's resolve to build itself into a strong cyber
power.
This way of
internet management, itself a Chinese innovation, has not stifled the
creativity of the internet as some had predicted. Innovative products and
services are significantly changing the landscape of the internet.
At least
six of the world's 10 largest social networks in 2013 were developed by Chinese
internet firms, according to a report from US business and technology news
website Business Insider. China-based social networking apps such as WeChat and
Sina Weibo have also achieved significant scale.
Sina Weibo,
China's answer to Twitter, debuted this month on the Nasdaq exchange with a
19.1% jump, bringing the company US$287 million.
The success
of the microblogging service, which official figures say over 500 million are
using, highlighted the innovation-driven development of China's internet
companies.
Sina Weibo
may have imitated Twitter at first, but it adapted and improved by constantly
introducing new functions to maintain a high number of active users.
"More
Chinese internet companies will be going abroad like Sina Weibo did," said
Fang Xingdong, founder of Blogchina.com and an IT columnist. "The year of
2014 will mark the beginning of the global strategy of China's internet."
Last year,
China's online retail market expanded to over 1.8 trillion yuan (US$288.8
billion), almost the size of Malaysia's GDP that year.
"We
have built up the Chinese people's trust in online transactions," said
Jack Ma, founder of China's e-commerce giant Alibaba.
China will become
"more open, more transparent, more willing to share" in the next two
decades because of the internet, he said.
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