Yahoo - AFP, Wissam Keyrouz, 27 Jan 2015
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Saudi Arabia's new King Salman attends a ceremony at the Diwan royal palace in Riyadh on January 24, 2015 (AFP) |
Decades
ago, Saudis trekked across their desert kingdom to pledge allegiance to their
new kings at their palaces. Now they are just using Twitter.
Thousands
of Saudis have poured into the palace of King Salman who acceded the throne
after the death of his half-brother Abdullah last week.
Many others
exercised the entrenched tradition at the palaces of provincial princes.
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Saudi blogger Raef Badawi, shown in Jeddah in 2012, was sentenced in May 2014 to 10 years in prison, 1,000 lashes and a fine for "insulting Islam" (AFP) |
But
thousands of others have pledged their allegiance to the new ruler online,
taking advantage of social media networks.
Chief among
them is Twitter, whose popularity has exploded with an astounding 40 percent of
Saudis now using the microblogging website.
Saudi
Arabia is governed by a strict interpretation of Islamic sharia law, but
authorities have stopped short of banning Twitter, Facebook and YouTube, unlike
in the Islamic republic of Iran.
Ultra-conservatives
tweet as much as liberals in the tightly censored absolute monarchy, with
clerics attracting the most followers, like Mohammed al-Arefe who has 10.8
million of them.
However
several users have faced jail over their posts that have been deemed offensive to
the authorities or to Islam.
King Salman
himself has an account that saw its number of followers surge to 1.6 million as
he became the monarch.
"I
pray to God to help me serve our dear people and achieve their aspirations, and
to keep our country secure and stable," read a tweet posted on the account
following his accession.
A hashtag
in Arabic declaring "I pledge allegiance to King Salman" spread
quickly among Saudi tweeps after King Abdullah died on Friday, as users of the
site mourned the late monarch.
'Progress
without abandoning tradition'
"I
have pledged my allegiance through Twitter because as we progress
technologically, we do not abandon our identity and traditions," said
Twitter user Salman al-Otaibi.
"This
pledge is a duty on every Muslim," he told AFP.
Metab
al-Samiri tweeted: "With full obedience, I pledge allegiance to you
Salman."
The pledge
is both an Islamic obligation to provide the ruler with legitimacy and a tribal
commitment to obey the new leader.
Twitter has
also proven to be a headache for authorities in Gulf monarchies as social media
blogging sites render their censorship largely helpless.
Users
calling for reforms in the kingdom have taken to the platform to voice
discontent and demand concessions from the ruling family.
"We
want a consultative Shura Council that is elected by the people, capable of
legislating laws and holding the cabinet to account," said one tweet.
"This
way, the alleged reforms could be achieved," it added, using another
popular hashtag that said: "Demands for King Salman."
Despite
timid steps to introduce reforms, Saudi Arabia under Abdullah remained a
tightly controlled kingdom, where conservatives continue to play a strong role.
The case of
blogger Raef Badawi serves as an example of the Gulf state's ever-tightening
freedom of expression.
Badawi is
serving a 10-year jail sentence for insulting Islam, and he has also been
sentenced to 1,000 lashes, having received 50 of them in public this month.
Twitter is
"the source of all evil and devastation", said the kingdom's top
cleric Abdul Aziz al-Sheikh in a fatwa edict in October.
"People
are rushing to it thinking it's a source of credible information but it's a
source of lies and falsehood," he said.
Despite
such warnings, there are no signs of Twitter's popularity waning in Saudi
Arabia, whose five million users give the kingdom the world's highest
penetration.
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